🌫️ Cloudspotting 101 - Fog🌫️
If the air is cooled enough by the ground or the surface of water, any moisture it contains can condense into droplets, forming fog.
This cooling can happen in one of two ways. On long, cold, and clear nights, when there's no cloud cover to keep the warmth in, the ground can rapidly radiate the day's warmth into the night sky. This can cool the air enough to form droplets, and what's known as ‘radiation fog’. If this cold, foggy air forms on raised ground, it can sink downhill where it will pool into ‘valley fog’.
Then there’s ‘advection fog’, which can form when the air blows over a warm surface onto a colder surface. This will cause the air to cool, forming fog. If this forms over the ocean, it’s known as ‘sea fog’. Or if cold air blows over a warmer surface of water, water vapour can evaporate off the surface to form ‘steam fog’.
There are other types of fog. ‘Upslope fog’; ‘ice fog’; ‘frontal fog’; and many countries have their own local variants too.
In his 2015 book Landmarks, for example, nature writer Robert Macfarlane lists a dozen local-dialect terms for types of fog and mist around the British Isles. Most people have heard of the ‘haar’. But what about ‘aggy-jaggers’, a mist forming along the north Kent coast? Or brim’skud, a Shetland word for haze rising like smoke from breaking waves? There’s also ‘fret’ (sea mist or fog on the East and South coasts of England), and ‘woor’ (a Manx term, from the Isle of Man, for low-hanging sea mist).
What do they call fog in your area? We’d love to collect as many local variants as possible, so do let us know!
Images:
1. Fog potted over Pleasant Valley, Lamoille County, Vermont, United States by kmgoslin.
2. Sea fog, or haar, at Loch Dunvegan, Isle of Skye, Scotland spotted by Lucy Howard-Taylor, daughter of Virginia Howard (Member 48,437).
3. A Supermoon illuminating valley fog spotted over Kneeland, California, US by Nancy Stephenson (Member 50,971).
4. Radiation fog spotted near a meadow in Embarrass, Minnesota, US, by Suzanne Winckler (Member 41,844).
5. Advection fog spotted near Kneeland, California, US, by Nancy Stephenson (Member 50,971) and her cat, Smitty.
18 days ago